LABORATORY STUDIES OF THE EFFECT OF PREDATION ON PRODUCTION AND THE PRODUCTION BIOMASS RATIO OF THE OPPORTUNISTIC POLYCHAETE CAPITELLA-CAPITATA (TYPE-I)

The effect of simulated predation upon the secondary production and P:B (production:biomass) ratio of the polychaete C. capitata (Type I) was estimated from laboratory studies. The 1st method (the maximum sustainable yield, MSY, method) summed net increases in biomass of each population over time with biomass exploited by predation. In the specific growth-rate method, experimentally determined specific-growth rates were applied to changes in size classes and standing stock over time, providing another estimate of production for comparison to the MSY method. Predation had a pronounced effect on the magnitude of production, standing stocks, and hence the P:B ratio causing a fourfold difference in P:B ratios between the controls (P:B = 4.9) and the 23% wk-1 predation rate (P:B = 19.6). Production reached a high of 87 g ash-free dry wt m-2 yr-1 in the highest predation treatment (23% wk-1). An estimate of the number of individuals recruited in each population showed that predation caused an increase in population turnover rate. Gross ecological efficiency (calories of food ingested by the predator/calories of food consumed by the prey) and food-chain efficiency (calories of prey ingested by the predator/calories of food supplied to the prey) were 7.4 and 5.8%, respectively, for the 23% wk-1 predation treatment.