HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY - RECENT NEW ACHIEVEMENTS

Constant efforts to improve the possibilities of these methods have been concentrated lately on parts of the experimental apparatus. (1) Instead of a thermo-electron emitter at the entrance of the monochromator, new sources of polarized electrons have been developed and successfully applied. (2) In the field of electron optics new electrostatic lenses have been constructed and their characteristics experimentally investigated. This includes lenses for energy scanning of the incident and scattered or/and ejected electrons. (3) The development of intense polarized electron beams was followed by new efforts in improving the polarization analysis of such beams. (4) A breakthrough was made in the field of single electron detection by introducing multi-array channel electron detectors able to detect simultaneously parts of the electron energy spectrum instead of a single electron energy group. Future improvements are considered.