EFFECT OF TRANSFER IN THE VAPOR-PHASE ON THE EXTRACTION BY PERVAPORATION THROUGH ORGANOPHILIC MEMBRANES - EXPERIMENTAL-ANALYSIS ON MODEL SOLUTIONS AND THEORETICAL EXTRAPOLATION

被引:10
作者
BEAUMELLE, D [1 ]
MARIN, M [1 ]
机构
[1] INST NATL AGRON PARIS GRIGNON, INRA, CBAI, GENIE PROCEDES BIOTECHNOL AGROALIMENTAIRES LAB, F-78850 THIVERVAL GRIGNON, FRANCE
关键词
PERVAPORATION; ORGANOPHILIC MEMBRANES; MASS TRANSFER; PERMEATE PRESSURE; WATER ETHANOL MIXTURES;
D O I
10.1016/0255-2701(94)00536-2
中图分类号
TE [石油、天然气工业]; TK [能源与动力工程];
学科分类号
0807 ; 0820 ;
摘要
Mass transfer in pervaporation is usually regarded as limited by the solution-diffusion step inside the dense selective polymer layer. In the case of pervaporization for the extraction of volatile organic compounds through organophilic membranes, especially at low feed temperature (about 300 K), the influence of the downstream pressure cannot be neglected. A contribution to the study of the operating parameters on the vapour side in a pilot plant - from the membrane to the condenser - to the overall mass transfer is presented. A 'convection-diffusion' model has been established to calculate the partial pressure gradients in the vapour phase up to the downstream face of the membrane. This equation has been combined with a relation for the mass transfer inside the membrane with a driving force expressed as a difference in fugacities. The partial permeate pressures and the pervaporate fluxes obtained first with a pure compound (water) and secondly with binary mixtures (water-ethanol) pervaporated through membranes of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on a pilot plant scale are well predicted by the model. Moreover, on the permeate side, the effects of unavoidable non-condensable gases, of the condenser temperature and of the distance between the module and the condenser on the flux and on the selectivity have been established for different total permeate pressures (300-3000 Pa). At high pressure, the pervaporation selectivity towards ethanol exhibits a minimum value as a function of the permeate circuit design.
引用
收藏
页码:449 / 458
页数:10
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