LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT AND NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION OF NEONATES IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT

被引:62
作者
DREWS, MB
LUDWIG, AC
LEITITIS, JU
DASCHNER, FD
机构
[1] UNIV FREIBURG,INST ENVIRONM MED & HOSP EPIDEMIOL,D-79106 FREIBURG,GERMANY
[2] UNIV FREIBURG,DEPT PAEDIAT,D-79106 FREIBURG,GERMANY
关键词
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION; NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT;
D O I
10.1016/0195-6701(95)90250-3
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
A one year prospective surveillance of nosocomial infections (NI) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) was performed. Among 229 neonates the infection rate was 27.1%, the infection proportion 20.1%, and the incidence density 21.9 infections per 1000 patient days. Infants were stratified into four birth weight categories. Degrees of infection ranged from 44.4% in the less than or equal to 1000 g group to 10.1% in the > 2500 g group. Differences between the groups were statistically significant (P<0.01). The mean birth weight of infants with NI was significantly lower than that of infants without NI (1711 g, SD +/- 841 g vs. 2213 g, SD +/- 896 g; P<0.01). Mortality of less than or equal to 1000 g babies was 44.4 and 7.6% in > 2500 g neonates. Major sites of infection were pneumonia (32.3%), blood-stream infections (27.4%), infections of the skin, and surgical site infections (11.3% each). The predominant pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus (24.2%) whilst Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 22.7% of the total. Other major infective agents were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Group B streptococci. It is concluded, that low birth weight was a major risk factor for the acquisition of NI in the observed NICU population.
引用
收藏
页码:65 / 72
页数:8
相关论文
共 17 条
[1]  
DASCHNER F, 1981, INTENSIVBEHANDLUNG, V2, P81
[2]  
DONOWITZ LG, 1993, PREVENTION CONTROL N, P796
[3]   NATIONAL NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM (NNIS) - DESCRIPTION OF SURVEILLANCE METHODS [J].
EMORI, TG ;
CULVER, DH ;
HORAN, TC ;
JARVIS, WR ;
WHITE, JW ;
OLSON, DR ;
BANERJEE, S ;
EDWARDS, JR ;
MARTONE, WJ ;
GAYNES, RP ;
HUGHES, JM .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 1991, 19 (01) :19-35
[4]  
FORDJONES EL, 1993, PREVENTION CONTROL N, P812
[5]   CDC DEFINITIONS FOR NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS, 1988 [J].
GARNER, JS ;
JARVIS, WR ;
EMORI, TG ;
HORAN, TC ;
HUGHES, JM .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, 1988, 16 (03) :128-140
[6]   COMPARISON OF RATES OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS IN THE UNITED-STATES [J].
GAYNES, RP ;
MARTONE, WJ ;
CULVER, DH ;
EMORI, TG ;
HORAN, TC ;
BANERJEE, SN ;
EDWARDS, JR ;
JARVIS, WR ;
TOLSON, JS ;
HENDERSON, TS ;
HUGHES, JM .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 1991, 91 :S192-S196
[7]   NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT [J].
GOLDMANN, DA ;
DURBIN, WA ;
FREEMAN, J .
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 1981, 144 (05) :449-459
[8]   PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT - RESERVOIRS AND ECOLOGY OF THE NOSOCOMIAL PATHOGEN [J].
GRUNDMANN, H ;
KROPEC, A ;
HARTUNG, D ;
BERNER, R ;
DASCHNER, F .
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 1993, 168 (04) :943-947
[9]  
HACK M, 1991, PEDIATRICS, V87, P587
[10]  
HALEY RW, 1992, HOSPITAL INFECTIONS, P79