EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ACUTE CHILDHOOD ENCEPHALITIS AICHI PREFECTURE, JAPAN, 1984-90

被引:36
作者
ISHIKAWA, T
ASANO, Y
MORISHIMA, T
NAGASHIMA, M
SOBUE, G
WATANABE, K
YAMAGUCHI, H
机构
[1] FUJITA HLTH UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,TOYOAKE,JAPAN
[2] TOSEI GEN HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,SETO,AICHI,JAPAN
[3] NAGOYA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,NAGOYA,AICHI 466,JAPAN
[4] AICHI MED UNIV,DEPT INTERNAL MED 4,NAGAKUTE,AICHI 48011,JAPAN
关键词
ENCEPHALITIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HANDICAPPED; HERPESVIRUS HOMINIS; HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-6; MEASLES VIRUS; PROGNOSIS; RUBELLA VIRUS; VACCINATION;
D O I
10.1016/0387-7604(93)90064-F
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
The case records for 256 patients with acute encephalitis, including meningoencephalitis, acute encephalopathy and Reye syndrome, were obtained from 36 departments of pediatrics in large hospitals through questionnaires which were sent in 1990-92. The incidence rate per 100,000 child years was 3.3, and was more frequent in children aged 0-4 years (rate 6.6) than 5-15 years (rate 2.0), with statistical significance. The disease in the 105 etiologically diagnosed patients was due to measles virus (24), herpes simplex (2 1), rubella (24), and other agents (36), including two cases of human herpesvirus 6. A third of the infants with measles encephalitis were first seen at less than 18 months of age. Eighteen cases of rubella encephalitis occurred during an epidemic of rubella in Aichi Prefecture, 1987-88. The short-term outcome (mean length of follow-up: 2 years 3 months) of encephalitis was death in 20 cases (7.8%) and sequelae in 58 (24%). Eleven patients died within 7 days and five by the 8-14th day from onset. Thirty-six children had multiple residual impairments, including twelve who were severely handicapped. The prognosis for both life and sequelae was significantly poor for herpes simplex encephalitis in etiologically diagnosed patients. We stress the importance of an increase in the vaccination rate and the establishment of an early diagnostic system.
引用
收藏
页码:192 / 197
页数:6
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