EYELID ANATOMY

BACKGROUND. The following anatomic information concerning the complex structure of the eyelids is distilled from gross and histologic study as well as surgical experience. OBJECTIVE. Our aim is to familiarize the reader with eyelid anatomy. CONCLUSION. Appropriate shape, contour, height and mobility of the lids are essential to adequate protection and function of the eyes as well as overall appearance. A thorough understanding of eyelid anatomy is therefore necessary to achieve optimal surgical results. For the purpose of this discussion the eyelids can be divided into the following structural planes: 1) skin and subcutaneous tissue; 2) orbicularis muscle and submuscular fibroadipose layer, 3) orbital septum, 4) preaponeurotic fat; 5) eyelid retractors; and 6) the tarsi and conjunctiva.