DYNAMIC RADIOCESIUM DISTRIBUTION IN SHEEP - MEASUREMENT AND MODELING

被引:10
作者
GALER, AM [1 ]
CROUT, NMJ [1 ]
BERESFORD, NA [1 ]
HOWARD, BJ [1 ]
MAYES, RW [1 ]
BARNETT, CL [1 ]
EAYRES, HF [1 ]
LAMB, CS [1 ]
机构
[1] UNIV NOTTINGHAM,DEPT PHYSIOL & ENVIRONM SCI,LOUGHBOROUGH LE12 5RD,LEICS,ENGLAND
关键词
D O I
10.1016/0265-931X(93)90017-2
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
An experiment was carried out to provide a data set specifically designed to allow the development of a model to describe the dynamic behaviour of radiocaesium in sheep tissues. A single intraruminal dose of (CsCl)-Cs-134 was given to each of 15 Scottish Blackface ewes, aged 1-2 years. Radiocaesium activity concentrations were measured at various time intervals after dosing in blood, faeces and urine and, after slaughter, in a range of tissues and digestive tract contents. A first order compartment model was developed comprising nine compartments representing various organs and tissues in the body. Rate constants for the model were obtained by optimisation to the experimental results. A limited validation of the model was carried out by using it to calculate tissue transfer coefficients (F(f)) and biological half-lives (T0.5) of radiocaesium in sheep. The values generated compare favourably with published figures. Applications for the model and constraints on its usage are examined along with possibilities for further development.
引用
收藏
页码:35 / 48
页数:14
相关论文
共 36 条
[1]  
Abril, Garcia-Leon, A mathematical approach for modelling radionuclide dispersion in the marine environment, J. Environ., Radioactivity, 13, pp. 39-54, (1991)
[2]  
Assimakopoulos, Ioannides, Pakou, A general multiple-compartment model for the transport of trace elements through animals, Health Physics, 61, 2, pp. 53-245, (1991)
[3]  
Beresford, Lamb, Mayes, Howard, Colgrove, The effect of treating pastures with bentonite on the transfer of <sup>137</sup>Cs from grazed herbage to sheep, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 9, 3, pp. 64-251, (1989)
[4]  
Brown, Haywood, Wilkins, Validation of the FARMLAND models for radionuclide transfer through terrestrial food-chains, Reliability of radioactive transfer models, pp. 34-127, (1988)
[5]  
Burov, Shilov, Sirotkin, Panchenko, Antakova, Migration of cesium-137 in the ration — farm animals — animal husbandry products chain, Mater. Vses. Simp. Teor. Prakt. Aspekty Deistviya Malykh Doz Ioniz. Radiats, pp. 8-147, (1973)
[6]  
CEC, Internal report of an Article 31 Working Party on Radionuclide transfer factors for animal feedstuffs and animal produce, (1987)
[7]  
Coughtrey, Radioactivity transfer to animal products, Associated Nuclear Services Ltd., Epsom. ANS 2223-R1, (1989)
[8]  
Coughtrey, Kirton, Mitchell, Caesium transfer and cycling in upland pastures, Science of The Total Environment, 85, pp. 58-149, (1989)
[9]  
Deren, Development of intestinal structure and function, Handbook of Physiology, Section 6: Alimentary Canal, Volume III: Intestinal Absorption, (1968)
[10]  
Fredriksson, Garner, Scott Russell, Caesium-137, Radioactivity and Human Diet, pp. 52-319, (1966)