NEW PRINCIPLES OF AMPEROMETRIC ENZYME ELECTRODES AND OF REAGENTLESS OXIDOREDUCTASE BIOSENSORS

The realization of compact amperometric enzyme electrodes demands the fixation of coenzymes and/or mediators together with the enzyme within the electrode chamber or on the electrode surface, without preventing their shuttle function. The possible principles for the realization of this task are presented and investigated. Most promising are the use of mediator-modified oxidases or coenzyme-modified dehydrogenases and their entrapment in functionalized conducting polymers. For some oxidoreductases the entrapment in polymer redox mediators is most successful. From the results, future work towards the 'ideal' reagentless amperometric enzyme electrode is proposed.