THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF ANTIVENOM SUPPLEMENTED BY ANTITHROMBIN-III IN RATS EXPERIMENTALLY ENVENOMATED WITH RUSSELLS VIPER (DABOIA-RUSSELLI-SIAMENSIS) VENOM

被引:5
作者
CLEMENS, R
PUKRITTAYAKAMEE, S
VANIJANONTA, S
NONTPRASERT, A
BOCK, HL
CHAROENLARP, P
WHITE, NJ
机构
[1] MAHIDOL UNIV,HOSP TROP DIS,FAC TROP MED,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND
[2] SMITHKLINE BEECHAM,MUNICH 40,GERMANY
[3] UNIV OXFORD,NUFFIELD DEPT CLIN MED,OXFORD,ENGLAND
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
D O I
10.1016/0041-0101(94)00131-Q
中图分类号
R9 [药学];
学科分类号
1007 ;
摘要
The effects of equine antivenom and antithrombin III (AT-III) on the coagulopathy induced by Russell's viper venom (RVV, Daboia russelli siamensis) were investigated in the rat. After taking blood samples from the femoral vein for determination of simple blood clotting time and AT-III activity, all anaesthetized rats received an intramuscular injection of venom (2 mu g/g). Treatment (antivenom or AT-III or both) was given intravenously through another femoral vein 30 min after venom injection. All untreated rats (n = 7) developed AT-III depletion (<70%) [mean (S.D.)] 70 (36) min, and incoagulable blood 85 (53) min after venom injection. Supplementation with AT-III (either 0.25 U/g or 0.5 U/g) had no effect on the RW induced coagulopathy (n = 20). Treatment with antivenom alone (10 mu g/g) reduced the incidence of abnormal clotting significantly (8/15, 53%) (P = 0.03). When antivenom was given in combination with AT-III (0.5 U/g), abnormal clotting was prevented in all but one animal (1/15, 7%) (P = 0.007). AT-III activity declined progressively in all rats which developed non-clotting blood. These results suggest that coagulopathy in Russell's viper envenoming is associated with activation of coagulation and consumption of AT-III. Antivenom can prevent coagulopathy, but its neutralizing activity is augmented significantly by AT-III supplementation.
引用
收藏
页码:77 / 82
页数:6
相关论文
共 26 条
[1]   SUBSTITUTION OF ANTITHROMBIN-III IN SHOCK AND DIC - A RANDOMIZED STUDY [J].
BLAUHUT, B ;
KRAMAR, H ;
VINAZZER, H ;
BERGMANN, H .
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH, 1985, 39 (01) :81-89
[2]   TREATMENT OF SEVERE COAGULATION DISTURBANCES AS A CONDITION OF IMPROVED PROGNOSIS IN FULMINANT LIVER-FAILURE [J].
BURGHARD, R ;
LEITITIS, JU ;
ROSSI, R ;
EGBRING, R ;
BRANDIS, M .
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD, 1985, 60 (02) :167-170
[3]  
CLEMENS R, 1994, IN PRESS SE ASIAN J
[4]   INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION IN ACUTE LIVER-FAILURE IN RATS AND ITS TREATMENT WITH ANTITHROMBIN-III [J].
FUJIWARA, K ;
OGATA, I ;
OHTA, Y ;
HIRATA, K ;
OKA, Y ;
YAMADA, S ;
SATO, Y ;
MASAKI, N ;
OKA, H .
GUT, 1988, 29 (08) :1103-1108
[5]   RUSSELL VIPER BITE IN SRI-LANKA - A STUDY OF 22 CASES [J].
JEYARAJAH, R .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, 1984, 33 (03) :506-510
[6]   FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO FATAL SNAKE BITE IN THE RURAL TROPICS - ANALYSIS OF 46 CASES IN THAILAND [J].
LOOAREESUWAN, S ;
VIRAVAN, C ;
WARRELL, DA .
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, 1988, 82 (06) :930-934
[7]  
MAHASANDANA S, 1980, Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, V11, P285
[8]   Human Antithrombin Concentrates and Experimental Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (Reprinted from Semin Thromb Hemost, vol 11, pg 373-383, 1985) [J].
Mammen, Eberhard F. ;
Miyakawa, Teruo ;
Phillips, Thomas F. ;
Assarian, Gary S. ;
Brown, Janet M. ;
Murano, Genesio .
SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS, 2008, 34 (08) :A34-A44
[9]  
Matthai T P, 1981, Ann Trop Paediatr, V1, P73
[10]  
MYINTLWIN, 1985, LANCET, V2, P1259