Spread monolayers containing a nematic liquid crystal and stearic acid were characterized at various mole fractions by determination of surface pressure-area isotherms at the air-water interface. The surface-composition phase diagrams indicate that compression induces a new phase transition in the films, which changes from a mixed monolayer to a supermonomolecular system. X-ray diffraction and optical absorption spectra demonstrate that the supermolecular array consists of an island liquid crystal monolayer and a uniform stearic acid monolayer.