A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE SALT AND BLOOD-PRESSURE RELATIONSHIP

被引:105
作者
MUNTZEL, M
DRUEKE, T
机构
[1] Department of Psychology and the Cardiovascular Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
关键词
DIETARY SODIUM CHLORIDE; BLOOD PRESSURE; HYPERTENSION; SALT SENSITIVITY;
D O I
10.1093/ajh/5.4S.1S
中图分类号
R6 [外科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100210 ;
摘要
Salt has played an important role in the human diet since earliest times. However, increases in the availability and consumption of dietary salt have raised concerns that excessive intakes may cause hypertension. Although recent research has linked salt intake to variations in blood pressure, definitive conclusions have been lacking. Uncertainties in this area are due to the complex effects of salt on the cardiovascular system and on blood pressure regulation. Nevertheless, many of these complexities are now well understood and have been summarized in this review. Among the topics we examine are the effects of salt on fluid and electrolyte homeostasis; potential mechanisms of salt-induced hypertension; the epidemiology of salt intake and blood pressure; the effects of salt restriction and supplementation on blood pressure regulation; the potential roles of sodium and chloride ions, as well as interactions with dietary potassium, calcium, and magnesium, current theories of salt sensitivity; the clinical risks of dietary salt depletion, and the dietary sources of salt.
引用
收藏
页码:S1 / S42
页数:42
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