ELECTRIC DOUBLE-LAYER CAPACITOR COMPOSED OF ACTIVATED CARBON-FIBER CLOTH ELECTRODES AND SOLID POLYMER ELECTROLYTES CONTAINING ALKYLAMMONIUM SALTS

Solid polymer electrolytes consisting of complexes of poly(ethylene oxide)-grafted poly(methyl)-methacrylate (PEO-PMMA) and tetraalkylammonium salts [tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium perchlorate, and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF4)] have been investigated for electric double-layer capacitors with activated carbon fiber cloth electrodes. The PEO-PMMA and tetraalkylammonium composites obtained showed high tonic conductivity (>10(-4) S cm-1 at 298 K). The tonic conductivity depended on both the concentration and the size of each ion. The composites had good stability over a wide potential range (ca. 5.0 V). When the PEO-PMMA and TEABF4 composites were used in solid-state electric double-layer capacitors with activated carbon fiber cloths as polarizable electrodes, the capacitors showed charge/discharge behavior with large values of capacitance and high coulombic efficiency. The long voltage retention was observed in the self-discharge test of the capacitor with TEABF4.