WHAT DO DATA REALLY MEAN - RESEARCH FINDINGS, METAANALYSIS, AND CUMULATIVE KNOWLEDGE IN PSYCHOLOGY

被引:405
作者
SCHMIDT, FL
机构
[1] Department of Management, College of Business, University of Iowa, Iowa City
关键词
D O I
10.1037/0003-066X.47.10.1173
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
How should data be interpreted to optimize the possibilities for cumulative scientific knowledge? Many believe that traditional data interpretation procedures based on statistical significance tests reduce the impact of sampling error on scientific inference. Meta-analysis shows that the significance test actually obscures underlying regularities and processes in individual studies and in research literatures, leading to systematically erroneous conclusions. Meta-analysis methods can solve these problems--and have done so in some areas. However, meta-analysis represents more than merely a change in methods of data analysis. It requires major changes in the way psychologists view the general research process. Views of the scientific value of the individual empirical study, the current reward structure in research, and even the fundamental nature of scientific discovery may change.
引用
收藏
页码:1173 / 1181
页数:9
相关论文
共 66 条
[1]  
*AM PSYCH ASS, 1987, PRINC VAL US PERS SE
[2]  
American Educational Research Association American Psychological Association National Council on Measurement in Education, 2014, STAND ED PSYCH TEST
[3]  
Anastasi A., 1982, PSYCHOL TESTING
[4]  
Anastasi A., 1988, PSYCHOL TESTING
[5]   REVIEW OF DEVELOPMENTS IN META-ANALYTIC METHOD [J].
BANGERTDROWNS, RL .
PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN, 1986, 99 (03) :388-399
[6]   DEVELOPMENT AND TEST OF A NEW MODEL FOR VALIDITY GENERALIZATION [J].
CALLENDER, JC ;
OSBURN, HG .
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY, 1980, 65 (05) :543-558
[7]   TESTING THE CONSTANCY OF VALIDITY WITH COMPUTER-GENERATED SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS OF THE MULTIPLICATIVE MODEL VARIANCE ESTIMATE - RESULTS FOR PETROLEUM-INDUSTRY VALIDATION RESEARCH [J].
CALLENDER, JC ;
OSBURN, HG .
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY, 1981, 66 (03) :274-281
[9]   THINGS I HAVE LEARNED (SO FAR) [J].
COHEN, J .
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST, 1990, 45 (12) :1304-1312
[10]  
COHEN J, 1988, STATISTICAL POWER AN