STUDY OF UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION ON METAL SINGLE-CRYSTALS BY SURFACE TECHNIQUES

Electron spectroscopies (AES,XPS) and diffractions (LEED,RHEED) provide accurate results relative to the surface composition and structure inside the UHV chamber, after electrode emersion. X-ray diffraction using grazing incidence and X-ray absorption using fluorescence detection are promising in situ techniques to determine the atomic position and the oxidation state of adatoms. Scanning tunneling or atomic force microscopies provide some direct space informations relative to the degree of order and homogeneity of the interface. Some studies of UPD superstructures are presented.