DIRECTIONALITY OF BLACKBIRD VOCALIZATION - IMPLICATIONS FOR VOCAL COMMUNICATION AND ITS FURTHER STUDY

被引：54

作者：

LARSEN, ON ^{[1
]}

DABELSTEEN, T ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] UNIV COPENHAGEN, INST POPULAT BIOL, DK-2100 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK

来源：

ORNIS SCANDINAVICA | 1990年 / 21卷 / 01期

关键词：

D O I：

10.2307/3676376

中图分类号：

Q95 [动物学];

学科分类号：

071002 ;

摘要：

Vocalizations with prevailing energies <4 kHz are nearly omnidirectional while those with energies mainly >5 kHz are directional with a reduction in sound pressure level of up to 20 dB behind and below the bird. The beak opening angle can act as a volume control for high frequencies. Turdus merula vocalizations, eg the hawk alarm seee call, can be beamed toward target individuals, whereas low frequency vocalizations, eg the chook call, expressing mild arousal, can be used towards individuals in unknown locations. -from Authors

引用

页码：37 / 45

页数：9

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