Bark, wood and leaves of Ocotea catharinensis contain respectively 10 (average yield 0.7 parts per thousand), 15 (average yield 0.004 parts per thousand) and one (yield 0.4 parts per thousand) neolignans of the bicyclo[3.2.1]octanoid and the hydrobenzofuranoid structural types, including the new rel-(7S,8R,1'R,4'S,5'R,6'R)-DELTA-8'-4',6'-dihydroxy-5'-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy-3'-oxo-8.1',7.5'-neolignan, (7S,8S)-DELTA-1',3',5',8'-5,3',5'-trimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy-8.1',7.O.6',4.O.7'-neolignan, (7R,8S,1'R, 3'R)-DELTA-5',8'-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxy-4'-oxo-8.1',7.O.6'-neolignan and rel-(7R,8S,1'R,2'S)-DELTA-4',8'-2'-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy-3'-oxo-8.1',7.O.2'-neolignan.