ION-EXCHANGE IN ZEOLITES .4. HYDROLYSIS AND TRACE CS-134(+) EXCHANGE IN K-MORDENITE AND NA-MORDENITE

Trace Cs-134+ exchange and concurrent hydrolysis (H3O+ exchange from water) have been studied in Na-mordenite and K-mordenite with special emphasis on prediction of these equilibria. The predictions were generally good, or adequate, in higher and intermediate total ion concentrations, but deviated markedly from observations in dilute solutions. For trace Cs-134+ equilibria, these deviations arose largely from the association of Cs-134+ ions with a colloidal suspension in the solution phase. The particle size of the suspension was very small: it was possible that a considerable fraction of it was below 3 nm. In addition to binary Cs+-Na+ and Cs+-K+ exchanges, trace Cs-134+ exchange in the ternary system Cs+-Na+-K+ was investigated and the methods for the prediction of the ternary equilibria discussed.