INSULIN AND INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-II PERMIT NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR BINDING AND THE NEURITE FORMATION RESPONSE IN CULTURED HUMAN NEURO-BLASTOMA CELLS

In serum-free medium, SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells specifically and reversibly lost the capacity to bind 125I-labeled nerve growth factor (NGF) to the high-affinity sites (slow sites) and to respond by neurite outgrowth, unless physiological concentrations of insulin or insulin-like growth factor II were present. In serum-containing medium, anti-insulin antiserum decreased the neurite formation response to NGF, and insulin supplementation increased the number of available NGF slow sites. The low-affinity NGF fast sites are absent from SH-SY5Y cells and did not emerge on treatment with insulin. Insulin also potentiated the induction of neurites by NGF in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. A wider role for insulin and its homologues in the nervous system is implicated.