MODELING CIRCUIT-BREAKERS IN WEIGHTED LEAST-SQUARES STATE ESTIMATION

This paper presents a new formulation of the state estimation problem which finds applications in a range of data validation problems. On the theoretical side, it generalizes and clarifies the concepts of state variables and observability analysis. The new formulation allows for solving state estimation problems for networks in which the status of switching devices can be considered either close or open or unknown. The new approach generalizes and is consistent with the ideas previously suggested for modeling zero impedance ranches in power system state estimation.