PREVENTION STRATEGIES FOR GRAPE ROOT BORER (LEPIDOPTERA, SESIIDAE) INFESTATIONS IN CONCORD GRAPE VINEYARDS

Tests evaluating various prevention control strategies for the grape root borer (GRB) (V. polistiformis [Harris]) revealed that chlorpyrifos residues in vineyard soils were lethal to recently hatched larvae for at least 4 wk. GLC analysis of treated soil indicated that > 90% of chlorpyrifos residues were retained in the 0-3 cm layer. Also, the half life of chlorpyrifos applied to the surface of Cecil sandy loam soil in the test vineyard was .apprx. 3 wk. Granule and EC [emulsifiable concentrate] treatments of chlorpyrifos were equally effective at a rate of 2.3 kg (AI[active ingredient]/1000 linear m). Soil treatments of chlorpyrifos, methyl parathion, carbaryl, but not lindane, (2.3 kg [AI]/1000 linear m) inhibited GRB egg hatching. Chlorpyrifos and other insecticides were not highly toxic to GRB pupae and did not inhibit adult emergence in treated soil. However, laboratory bioassay of the contact toxicity of foliar applied insecticides revealed that adult moths succumb to a variety of insecticides, including chlorpyrifos. Mounding of soil under vines resulted in a significant reduction (83%) in adult emergence.