MIGRATION OF FALLOUT PU-239+240, AM-241 AND CS-137 IN THE VARIOUS HORIZONS OF A FOREST SOIL UNDER PINE

被引：77

作者：

BUNZL, K

KRACKE, W

SHIMMACK, W

AUERSWALD, K

机构：

[1] GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Strahlenschutz

[2] Technische Universität München

来源：

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY | 1995年 / 28卷 / 01期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1016/0265-931X(94)00066-6

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

At five plots in a pine stand the vertical distributions of Pu-239+240, Am-241 and Cs-137 from the global fallout of weapons testing in the sixties, and of Cs-137 from the Chernobyl fallout, in the soil (podzol) were determined. To obtain the migration rates of the radionuclides in each soil horizon from these depth profiles, a compartment model was used. On average, the vertical migration rates of Pu and Am from the global fallout were similar and low (in general <1 cm year(-1)) in all soil horizons. The smallest mobility (0.1 cm year(-1)) was observed in the Ofh horizon, i.e. the horizon where the pine needles are already decomposed and humic substances have been formed. In the underlying mineral horizon the migration rates increase in general with increasing depth. Radiocaesium from the global fallout is also enriched in the Ofh horizon and exhibits rather similar migration rates to the two actinides, except in the Ofh horizon, where it is more mobile by a factor of about five. While the enrichment of the actinides in the organic soil layer seems to be the result of complex formation with humic substances, the corresponding enrichment of radiocaesium in this layer is probably due to temporary immobilization and recirculation processes induced by the soil microflora. Chernobyl-derived Cs-137 is presently significantly more mobile in the mineral soil than radiocaesium from the global fallout by about a factor of two.

引用

页码：17 / 34

页数：18

共 41 条

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