CONVECTION ABOVE THE NEUTRINOSPHERE IN TYPE-II SUPERNOVAE

We have completed several two-dimensional calculations of a Type II supernova explosion through the first 0.4 s past bounce to examine the effects of convection on the shock. We have used the two-dimensional code to compute a convective velocity to compare with the Mayle and Wilson (MW) one-dimensional code (which includes more of the relevant physics) and find that the M&W code does not produce an explosion using the two-dimensional convective velocity. We find that convection develops exponentially with a growth rate of approximately 100 s-1. If the initial perturbation is sufficient, this instability grows enough to develop significant convective velocities. The convective eddies then deliver energy to the shock. We present results from several runs with varying sizes of initial perturbation, as well as a case with no initial perturbation but including the effects of rotation. We see that convection enhances the outward propagation of the shock.