INFLUENCE OF DILTIAZEM ON THE OCULAR IRRITATIVE RESPONSE TO NITROGEN-MUSTARD

被引:17
作者
GONZALEZ, GG
GALLAR, J
BELMONTE, C
机构
[1] UNIV ALICANTE,INST NEUROCIENCIAS,E-03080 ALACANT,SPAIN
[2] UNIV ALICANTE,DEPT FISIOL,E-03080 ALACANT,SPAIN
关键词
NEUROGENIC INFLAMMATION; CORNEAL SENSORY NERVES; NOCICEPTORS; PAIN; OCULAR INFLAMMATORY REACTION;
D O I
10.1016/S0014-4835(05)80040-5
中图分类号
R77 [眼科学];
学科分类号
100212 ;
摘要
Application of nitrogen mustard to the eye of rabbits causes an anterior segment irritation and a biphasic elevation of intraocular pressure. This intraocular pressure response is composed of an initial peak, produced by neuropeptides released by excited sensory nerves, and a second, slower rise due to prostaglandins. We studied the effect of diltiazem, a calcium antagonist that selectively blocks chemical excitation of sensory nerves, on the inflammatory response to nitrogen mustard. In adult rabbits, intraocular pressure was determined by pneumatonometry; pupil diameter and palpebral opening were measured with a ruler while conjunctival vasodilation, edema and secretion were scored in subjective units (0-8). Aqueous humor protein content was analysed at the end of the experiment. Bilateral application of 1% nitrogen mustard evoked within the first 6 hr an intraocular pressure elevation followed by ocular hypotony, miosis, palpebral closure, conjunctival vasodilation, edema and an elevation of aqueous proteins. Topical application of 10 mM diltiazem, prior to administration of nitrogen mustard elicited by itself a transient, small intraocular pressure increase and reduced significantly the acute intraocular pressure elevation and conjunctival vasodilation evoked by the irritant; delayed conjunctival edema and palpebral closure were also attenuated by 10 mM diltiazem, The decrease of miotic response and of aqueous humor protein content was not significant. Diltiazem at 2.8 mM was effective only in reducing significantly conjunctival edema and vasodilation. Intravenous injection of diltiazem (1 mg kg(-1)) elicited a gradual intraocular pressure drop lasting 1-2 hr and failed to attenuate ocular inflammatory signs when applied prior to topical nitrogen mustard, except for the initial intraocular pressure rise, that was partially counteracted by the IOP drop induced by i.v. diltiazem. The results indicate that topical diltiazem at 10 mM concentration reduced chemical irritation of the eye evoked by nitrogen mustard. This effect appears to be due in part to a blockade of the initial neurogenic component of the irritative reaction to nitrogen mustard and in part to a direct action of the drug on cells contributing to the local inflammatory response. (C) 1995 Academic Press Limited
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页码:205 / 212
页数:8
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