INDUCTION OF METALLOTHIONEIN IN A HUMAN ASTROCYTOMA CELL-LINE BY INTERLEUKIN-1 AND HEAVY-METALS

The effects of cytokines and heavy metals on the expression and localization of metallothioneins (MTs) within U373MG astrocytoma cells were analyzed by using indirect immunofluorescence using a monoclonal anti-MT antibody (MT45). IL-1, CdCl2 (50 muM) or ZnCl2 (500 muM) remarkably augmented intracellular MT levels, whereas IL-6 or 10 muM of ZnCl2 showed no inducing activity. From 24 to 48 h after the addition of CdCl2 or IL-1, immunoreactive MTs were found in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. After 72 h, immunoreactive MTs accumulated in a granular form near the cell surfaces in the presence of CdCl2 (50 muM) or IL-1 plus ZnCl2 (10 muM). However, this accumulation was not observed when only IL-1 was added. Thus, Zn2+ facilitated the appearance of the granular form of immunoreactive MTs at a concentration where they do not induce MTs by themselves.