VIDEO MICROSCOPIC COMPARISON OF MYCOPARASITISM BY PYTHIUM-OLIGANDRUM, P-NUNN AND AN UNNAMED PYTHIUM SPECIES

被引:45
作者
LAING, SAK
DEACON, JW
机构
[1] Microbiology Department, University of Edinburgh, School of Agriculture, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, West Main Road
来源
MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH | 1991年 / 95卷
关键词
D O I
10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80848-4
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Videomicrography was used to record interactions between hyphae of the mycoparasites Pythium oligandrum, Pythium sp. (termed Pythium SWO) and P. nunn and ten hosts on films of water agar. Assessed by incidence and timing of parasitic events in replicate interactions, P. oligandrum and Pythium SWO were significantly more aggressive than P. nunn across a range of hosts or to hosts. Hosts differed in susceptibility: Pythium graminicola and P. vexans were highly resistant, Trichoderma aureoviride, Fusarium oxysporum and a Phialophora sp. were susceptible, and Botrytis cinerea, F. culmorum, Rhizoctonia solani (two isolates) and Botryotrichum piluliferum showed intermediate responses. B. cinerea inhibited approaching tips of Pythium SWO and P. nunn but not of P. oligandrum. The mycoparasites had an identical mode of parasitism. There was no pre-contact inhibition or tropism, but susceptible host hyphae stopped soon after contact-faster (mean 253 sec) in contacts between host tips and sub-apical regions of parasitic hyphae than vice-versa (mean 439 sec). Stoppage was often followed by host lysis at the contact point (mean 324 sec post-contact) or by coagulation/vacuolation of host contents (mean 568 sec). Penetration of host hyphae occurred in 69 of the total 148 interactions, at a mean 594 sec post-contact, from a parasitic branch formed after mean 418 sec at the contact point. The relative timings of these events necessitate a reappraisal of the mechanisms of mycoparasitism by Pythium spp. In equivalent conditions, Trichoderma harzianum and Gliocladium roseum inhibited 'host' hyphae by production of diffusible compounds but did not penetrate them.
引用
收藏
页码:469 / 479
页数:11
相关论文
共 31 条
[1]   HISTOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL-ASPECTS OF INFECTION OF SCLEROTIA OF 2 SCLEROTINIA SPECIES BY 2 MYCOPARASITES [J].
ADAMS, PB ;
AYERS, WA .
PHYTOPATHOLOGY, 1983, 73 (07) :1072-1076
[2]  
Chet I., 1987, INNOVATIVE APPROACHE, V1, P137
[3]   RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI ASSOCIATED WITH CRATER DISEASE (STUNTING) OF WHEAT IN SOUTH-AFRICA [J].
DEACON, JW ;
SCOTT, DB .
TRANSACTIONS OF THE BRITISH MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 1985, 85 (SEP) :319-327
[4]   MYCOPARASITISM BY PYTHIUM OLIGANDRUM AND P. PYTHIUM-ACANTHICUM [J].
DEACON, JW ;
HENRY, CM .
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY, 1978, 10 (05) :409-415
[5]  
DEACON JW, 1976, T BRIT MYCOLOGICAL S, V6, P383
[6]   ANTAGONISTIC PROPERTIES OF SPECIES-GROUPS OF TRICHODERMA .2. PRODUCTION OF VOLATILE ANTIBIOTICS [J].
DENNIS, C ;
WEBSTER, J .
TRANSACTIONS OF THE BRITISH MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 1971, 57 (AUG) :41-+
[7]   ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITY OF THE MYCOPARASITE PYTHIUM-NUNN DURING INTERACTION WITH HOST AND NONHOST FUNGI [J].
ELAD, Y ;
LIFSHITZ, R ;
BAKER, R .
PHYSIOLOGICAL PLANT PATHOLOGY, 1985, 27 (02) :131-148
[8]   PHYSIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MYCOPARASITIC AND PLANT-PATHOGENIC PYTHIUM SPP [J].
FOLEY, MF ;
DEACON, JW .
TRANSACTIONS OF THE BRITISH MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 1986, 86 :225-231
[9]   SUSCEPTIBILITY OF PYTHIUM SPP AND OTHER FUNGI TO ANTAGONISM BY THE MYCOPARASITE PYTHIUM-OLIGANDRUM [J].
FOLEY, MF ;
DEACON, JW .
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY, 1986, 18 (01) :91-95
[10]   ISOLATION OF PHYTHIUM-OLIGANDRUM AND OTHER NECROTROPHIC MYCOPARASITES FROM SOIL [J].
FOLEY, MF ;
DEACON, JW .
TRANSACTIONS OF THE BRITISH MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 1985, 85 :631-639