CHILDRENS EARLY ABILITY TO SOLVE PERSPECTIVE-TAKING PROBLEMS

被引:95
作者
NEWCOMBE, N [1 ]
HUTTENLOCHER, J [1 ]
机构
[1] UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PSYCHOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637
关键词
D O I
10.1037/0012-1649.28.4.635
中图分类号
B844 [发展心理学(人类心理学)];
学科分类号
040202 ;
摘要
Piaget and Inhelder (1948/1967) claimed that, until 9 or 10 years of age, children had great difficulty with perspective taking. Huttenlocher and Presson (1979) showed, however, that these problems were linked to conflict between actual and imagined frames of reference; asking what object occupied a specified location with respect to a hypothetical observer (item questions) led to much better performance. The present experiments extend these findings to younger children: 5-year-olds (Experiment 1); 4-year-olds, for near and far locations but not left and right (Experiment 2); 4-year-olds for left-right questions (Experiment 3); and 3-year-olds (Experiment 4). In addition, Experiment 4 showed that memory was not the basis for answering. These data show clearly that preschool children can indicate locations relative to another position.
引用
收藏
页码:635 / 643
页数:9
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