TRANS-1-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-1,3-BUTADIENE - CONCERTED AND STEPWISE (4+2) CYCLOADDITIONS

被引:34
作者
SUSTMANN, R
ROGGE, M
NUCHTER, U
BANDMANN, H
机构
[1] Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Essen, Essen, W-4300
来源
CHEMISCHE BERICHTE-RECUEIL | 1992年 / 125卷 / 07期
关键词
CYCLOADDITIONS; DIELS-ALDER REACTIONS; KINETICS; ZWITTERIONIC INTERMEDIATES;
D O I
10.1002/cber.19921250721
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
trans-1-(Dimethylamino)-1,3-butadiene is allowed to react with methyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, maleo- and fumaronitrile, dimethyl maleate and fumarate, as well as with dimethyl dicyanomaleate and dicyanofumarate. In all cases except the two last ones where only a single isomer is obtained mixtures (endo/exo) of cycloadducts are formed. Structures are determined by a combination of one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. The E/Z isomeric maleo- and fumaronitrile add stereospecifically to the diene. Cycloaddition of dimethyl maleate and fumarate leads to the same mixture of isomers in almost the same ratio. The reaction of dimethyl dicyanomaleate and dimethyl dicyanofumarate yields a cycloadduct which seems to be the thermodynamically most stable one. The results are interpreted in such a manner that a concerted cycloaddition takes place with maleo- and fumaronitrile, while stepwise reactions, presumably proceeding via zwitterions, are observed with dimethyl maleate, fumarate, the strongly electrophilic dimethyl dicyanomaleate and dicyanofumarate. With increasing capability of the dienophile to stabilize a negative charge the mechanism changes from a concerted to a stepwise reaction.
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页码:1647 / 1656
页数:10
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