STUDIES ON THE HOST-MEDIATED ANTITUMOR POLYSACCHARIDES .16. ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY OF SOME POLYSACCHARIDES ISOLATED FROM AN EDIBLE MUSHROOM, NINGYOTAKE, THE FRUITING BODY AND THE CULTURED MYCELIUM OF POLYPOROUS-CONFLUENS

Some polysaccharides extracted from ningyotake, the fruiting body of Polyporous confluens, with hot water (100-degrees-C, FI), 1% ammonium oxalate solution (100-degrees-C, FII), and 5% sodium hydroxide solution (80-degrees-C, FIII) in that order. These polysaccharide fractions were further fractionated by ethanol precipitation and gel filtration on the column of Toyopearl HW-65F with 0.3 M sodium hydroxide solution. A strong antitumor activity were found in five xyloglucan-protein complexes, FI-2-a, -b, -c; FII-2-a, and FIII-2-a. Analyses of physico-chemical properties and IR- and NMR-spectra of these active fractions showed that their main components were (1 --> 3)-;(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranans containing a small amount of xylose residues and 2-3% of protein. A mucilaginous polysaccharide (N-PS) prepared from the liquid cultured mycelial broth of the fungus, consisted of (1 --> 6)-;(1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucopyranan. Antitumor activities were also found in a subfraction that was purified from N-PS by gel filtration. Also, a strong antitumor activity was found in a polyol polysaccharide and in a formolysis product from N-PS.