A DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED PILOT-STUDY EXAMINING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTRAVENOUS ONDANSETRON IN THE PREVENTION OF POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND EMESIS

被引:33
作者
SUNG, YF
WETCHLER, BV
DUNCALF, D
JOSLYN, AF
机构
[1] Departments of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, The Emory Clinic, Atlanta, GA
[2] Division of Anesthesia, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria
[3] Department of Anesthesiology, Methodist Medical Center, Peoria, IL
[4] Departments of Anesthesiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, The Bronx, NY
[5] Glaxo, Inc., Research Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC
关键词
ONDANSETRON; NAUSEA AND VOMITING; POSTOPERATIVE; SEROTONIN; 5-HT3;
D O I
10.1016/0952-8180(93)90083-Q
中图分类号
R614 [麻醉学];
学科分类号
100217 ;
摘要
Study Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety profiles of ondansetron and a placebo when infused immediately prior to anesthesia induction for the prevention of postoperative nausea and emesis (vomiting or retching). Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel, multicenter pilot study. Setting: Three U.S. ambulatory surgical facilities. Patients: One hundred eighty ASA physical status I and II women scheduled to undergo ambulatory gynecologic surgical procedures while receiving general endotracheal anesthesia. Interventions: Ondansetron 8 mg or a placebo (equivalent volume) was given intravenously (IV) prior to anesthesia induction to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. Measurements and Main Results: For the first 24 hours following emergence from anesthesia, patients were monitored in the postanesthesia care unit by a research observer and at home via telephone contact and diary cards. More patients in the ondansetron group (62%) than in the placebo group (40%) were emesis-free over the 24-hour study period (p = 0.005). Ondansetron also was more efficacious than the placebo over the 24-hour study period when a surgery duration of more than 45 minutes was considered in the analyses. For all patients, regardless of surgery duration, there was a low degree Of nausea during the course of the study. In all instances, the degree of nausea was slightly lower for ondansetron-treated patients than for placebo-treated patients; however, in no instances were the differences statistically significant. Ondansetron and placebo had similar safety profiles as established by laboratory test results, vital sign monitoring, and adverse event reporting. Conclusion: Ondansetron, infused IV before anesthesia induction, appears to be safe and effective when used in the prevention of postoperative nausea and emesis.
引用
收藏
页码:22 / 29
页数:8
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