THE INFLUENCE OF MICROSTRUCTURE ON THE ELECTROCHROMIC PROPERTIES OF LIXWO3 THIN-FILMS .1. ION DIFFUSION AND ELECTROCHROMIC PROPERTIES

被引:74
作者
ZHANG, JG
TRACY, CE
BENSON, DK
DEB, SK
机构
[1] National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado
关键词
D O I
10.1557/JMR.1993.2649
中图分类号
T [工业技术];
学科分类号
08 ;
摘要
The chemical diffusion coefficients of lithium ions in LixWO3 films were investigated as a function of lithium concentration and film porosity. Thin films were deposited with different porosities by thermal evaporation of WO3 powder in various partial water pressures. Our results indicate that diffusion coefficients increase with film porosity and decrease with increasing lithium concentration. Large diffusion coefficients that were found for small lithium concentrations appear to be due to the contribution of protons generated from ion exchange reactions between lithium and water incorporated in the film. Simultaneous electrical and in situ optical measurements were carried out to study the effect of porosity on the electrochromic properties of LixWO3. The coloring efficiency Of porous WO3 films increases by approximately 70% when deposited in partial water pressure of 10(-4) Torr, but decreases with further increments in water pressure.
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页码:2649 / 2656
页数:8
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