BIOCHEMICAL APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF PLANT-FUNGAL INTERACTIONS IN ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA

被引:31
作者
BOTHE, H
KLINGNER, A
KALDORF, M
SCHMITZ, O
ESCH, H
HUNDESHAGEN, B
KERNEBECK, H
机构
[1] Botanisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, D-50923
来源
EXPERIENTIA | 1994年 / 50卷 / 10期
关键词
ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA; ABSCISIC ACID; CAROTENOID; GLOMUS; NITRATE REDUCTASE; MYCORRADICIN; STEROLS; YELLOW PIGMENT IN MYCORRHIZA;
D O I
10.1007/BF01923479
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
This communication compares some biochemical methods for quantifying colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The degree of mycorrhizal colonization can conveniently be measured by determining fungal specific sterols. AM-colonized plants show a specific synthesis of 24-methylene cholesterol and an enhanced level of campesterol (= 24-methyl cholesterol). A gene probe for nitrate reductase, the key enzyme for nitrogen assimilation, has been developed, which allows the monitoring of the distribution of this enzyme in fungi. Among the phytohormones tested, only abscisic acid (ABA) is found at a considerably higher level in AM-colonized plants than in controls. The concentration of ABA is about twenty times higher in spores and hyphae of the AM fungus Glomus than in maize roots. Other phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins) do not show such alterations after mycorrhizal colonization. The roots of gramineous plants become yellow as a result of mycorrhizal colonization. The yellow pigment(s) formed is (are) deposited in larger quantities in the vacuole(s) of the root parenchyma and endodermis cells during the development of the gramineous plants. A substance isolated from such roots has now been identified as a C-14 carotenoid with two carboxylic groups, and named mycorradicin.
引用
收藏
页码:919 / 925
页数:7
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