SOIL HYDROPHOBIC EFFECTS ON INFILTRATION AND CATCHMENT RUNOFF

被引:170
作者
BURCH, GJ
MOORE, ID
BURNS, J
机构
[1] Bureau of Rural Resources
关键词
Flow of Water - Hydrology - Rain and Rainfall - Runoff - Water Resources--Australia;
D O I
10.1002/hyp.3360030302
中图分类号
TV21 [水资源调查与水利规划];
学科分类号
081501 ;
摘要
After dry summers or drought, eucalypt forest soils at two sites in southeastern Australia developed hydrophobic or non-wetting surface characteristics that reduced infiltration, measured using a sprinkling infiltrometer. At one site the development of hydrophobic conditions caused the rainfall to runoff conversion efficiency of a forested catchment to increase from 5 per cent to 15 per cent. Under non-hydrophobic conditions at this site, grassland always generated more runoff than forest. However, one major rainfall-runoff was recorded at a time of highly hydrophobic forest soil conditions and this storm generated greater runoff on the forested catchment than the grassland catchment. At the second site forest soils have naturally highly conductive surface layers because of a dense network of macropores and pathways for preferential flow. Hydrophobic conditions produced by drought caused soil water movement to be confined to only a few of the larger macropores exposed to surface ponded water. Even so, infiltration rates remained relatively high.
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页码:211 / 222
页数:12
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