EXPERIMENTAL VELOCITY AND DENSITY DETERMINATION OF VOLCANIC GASES DURING ERUPTION

被引:27
作者
STEINBERG, GS
BABENKO, JI
机构
[1] MKB Geographical Society, U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, PetropavloskKamchatsky, 683019
关键词
D O I
10.1016/0377-0273(78)90005-7
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
07 ;
摘要
A method for determining velocity and density of volcanic gases from eruption moviews is proposed. Gas velocities determined from observations at Alaid (1972) and Klutchevskoy (1974) volcanoes are 65-165 m/s and densities are 4.7-1.4 × 10-3 g/cm3. Flow velocities and gas densities were estimated at Etna and Stromboli (1969 and 1971), using the distribution of volcanic bombs. Results for velocity and density are, respectively, 110-90 m/s and 3-5 × 10-3 g/cm3 for Etna; 70 m/s and 0.7-3.1 × 10-4 g/cm3 for Stromboli. Either stationary or non-stationary regimes may occur during gas flow. In the latter, the density and flow velocity can be determined and the depth at which the fluid gas ceases to be a dispersed bubble phase and becomes a continuous gaseous phase can also be specified. Data for Hole-in-the-Ground Maar are used to reconstruct flow parameters; we conclude that the fluid became a continuous gaseous phase at a depth of approximately 350-400 m depth. © 1978.
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页码:89 / 98
页数:10
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