A SIMPLE CYLINDRICAL RETARDING-FIELD ENERGY ANALYZER

A simple cylindrical retarding electron energy analyzer (CREA) with a retarding field was designed on the basis of a calculation of the potential distribution and the electron trajectories. A prototype analyzer was constructed and the performance was examined. The resolution obtained was about 0.3% at the FWHM at the electron energy of 500 eV, which was in fairly good agreement with the calculated resolution of 0.5%. The transmission efficiency of the CREA was about 30% at the electron energy of 200 to 500 eV. The Auger spectrum of a Ag sample measured with a modulation technique was very similar to a spectrum observed by a CMA. © 1990 IOP Publishing Ltd.