Egg gallery, brood production, and adult characteristics of mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in three pine hosts

During the 1977 - 1986 outbreak of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) in southwestern Alberta and Saskatchewan, populations of this beetle developed in lodgepole pine and limber pine stands, and threatened to spread northeasterly to the extensive jack pine forests in the central parts of the two provinces. To assess jack pine as a potential new breeding host, I compare egg galleries, brood production, and adult characteristics of D. ponderosae reared in lodgepole, limber, and jack pine logs. Brood productivity, beetle size, sex ratios, and egg gallery characteristics are described for beetle populations reared from naturally infested limber pine logs from southwestern Alberta, and from artificially infested jack pine logs from east-central Alberta and central Saskatchewan. In a field experiment where logs of the three hosts were placed together, adult beetles and their gallery characteristics are described and compared on the three hosts. The results confirm that jack pine is a viable host, that D, ponderosae's attack characteristics, survival, and progeny on jack pine all appear comparable to those characters observed for beetles reared on lodgepole pine, and that limber pine is highly productive of beetle brood.