CONVENTIONAL AND SPECIALLY DESIGNED CAROTENOIDS - SYNTHESIS, OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AND CONDUCTIVITY

Conducting phenomena of carotenoids are explained by their lowest excited states. Little is known about the energies of these states, because the energies are hard to measure conventionally. In contrast, much information can be made avaible by dual fluorescence energy transfer experiments, cyclovoltammetry and photoelectron spectroscopy. With this information available, new aspects are found that can contribute to explanations of conducting phenomena of carotenoids.