GENDER DISPARITIES IN TREATMENT FOR ALCOHOL-PROBLEMS

Objective.-To examine women's access to treatment for alcohol problems in terms of the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment-seeking patterns of problem drinkers in a range of alcohol-specific and nonspecialized health care systems. Design.-In-person survey. Setting.-A Northern California county. Participants.-Consecutive samples of admissions in public alcohol treatment (n=381), drug treatment (n=210), mental health treatment (n=406), emergency health services (n=2626), primary health clinics (n=394), and adults in the county general population (n=3069). Primary Outcome Measures.-Prevalence and relative risk (RR) of problem drinking and rates of alcohol-related treatment episodes. Results.-Rates of problem drinking were higher among men than women across all samples. However, after accounting for gender differences in general population rates, women in all of the non-alcohol-specific clinical samples were at greater risk than men for problem drinking (eg, RR=5.6 for women and RR=2.1 for men in the mental health sample). Men reported a greater variety in types of services sought in past alcohol-related treatment encounters, but women experienced greater symptom severity. Conclusions.-Female problem drinkers were more likely than male problem drinkers to use non-alcohol-specific health care settings, particularly mental health treatment services, and to report greater symptom severity. Future research on women's access to services for alcohol problems should consider a range of health care systems and gender differences in seeking help.