REACTIVITY AND SELECTIVITY IN ORGANIC SONOCHEMICAL REACTIONS INVOLVING INORGANIC SOLIDS

Ultrasound accelerates the heterogeneous reactions involving inorganic solids in organic solvents. Selectivity specific to the sonochemical acceleration was pursued in the KMnO4 oxidation, activation of MnO2, thiocyanation of t-butyl bromide, and switching between aromatic electrophilic and aliphatic nucleophilic substitutions. Enhanced reactivity and specific selectivity under sonication are attributed to the increase in surface area with increased active sites on it, cleaning of poison on the surface, and acceleration of the interaction between solid reagents and inorganic-solid-supports of high surface area. © 1990.