单双倍体酵母细胞对乙醇响应的比较脂组学研究

被引:0
作者
刘莹
机构
[1] 天津大学
关键词
酿酒酵母细胞; 单倍体; 二倍体; 磷脂; 脂质组学; 乙醇响应;
D O I
暂无
年度学位
2009
学位类型
硕士
导师
摘要
本文选用酿酒酵母为模型,分别考察二倍体酵母拆孢体系中单倍体α型、单倍体a型和二倍体α/a型酿酒酵母细胞在发酵过程中对不同乙醇浓度的响应情况。应用LC-ESI-MSn和GC-TOF-MS高通量检测手段分别对酵母细胞的磷脂和固醇分子进行定性定量研究,初步建立酿酒酵母细胞的磷脂分子图库,从脂质组学角度系统分析0%、3%、7%起始乙醇浓度下的上述三种细胞的磷脂和固醇分子组成的变化,采用主成分分析法(PCA)和分层聚类分析法(HCA)对不同体系的磷脂分子进行多元统计分析,寻找潜在的脂生物标志物/群。 发酵动力学研究表明:二倍体α/a型酵母和单倍体α型酵母的生长速率、葡萄糖消耗速率相近,而单倍体a型酵母明显比上述两种类型的酵母的耗糖速率减缓,生长滞后1h。脂组学手段检测到130种磷脂分子和4种固醇,并对117种磷脂分子进行了定量分析。结果表明:酵母细胞中含有C18和C16的中长碳链的不饱和磷脂比例升高,说明酵母细胞通过增加合成长链脂肪酸,提高不饱和磷脂比例来增加对乙醇的耐受性和适应性。推测PC含量增加而PA含量减少的原因可能是由于磷脂酶D(PLD)受到乙醇的抑制,活性降低,导致了PC分子的积累和PA分子的减少。 PCA统计分析显示:不同乙醇浓度和酵母细胞类型影响酵母磷脂代谢并表现出明显的代谢差异。六大类磷脂中PS、PC、PE、PI的变化尤为明显,推断PS34:1、PS34:2、PC32:1、PC32:0、PC32:2、PC34:1、PC34:2、PE32:1、PE32:2、PE34:3、PE34:1、PE34:2、PI26:0、PI26:1、PI32:1、PI32:2、PI34:0、PI34:1、PI34:2、PI36:0,可能是四类重要的脂生物标志物(群),在对乙醇的耐受机制上起关键作用,可以提高细胞对乙醇的耐受性和适应性。分层聚类结果表明:较低的乙醇浓度下,细胞的磷脂代谢差异主要受不同细胞类型的影响;而当乙醇浓度较高时,乙醇作为主要因素影响细胞磷脂代谢。二倍体α/a型酵母细胞与单倍体α型酵母细胞对乙醇响应的磷脂和固醇分子的变化趋势相近,在发展对乙醇的耐受性和适应性上都优于单倍体a型酵母细胞。
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