乌拉尔甘草种质资源遗传多样性研究

被引:0
作者
佟汉文
机构
[1] 中国农业大学
关键词
乌拉尔甘草; 形态; 同工酶; ISSR; 遗传多样性;
D O I
暂无
年度学位
2005
学位类型
硕士
导师
摘要
乌拉尔甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.)是我国应用最为广泛的一种药用植物,也是西部地区重要的固沙生态植物。近年来,随着甘草野生资源的日益枯竭,人工种植甘草研究逐渐成为甘草研究的热点。乌拉尔甘草遗传多样性研究无论对野生甘草资源的保护利用,还是对优质人工甘草的栽培生产均具有重要的意义。本文对我国乌拉尔甘草种质资源59份材料从形态、同工酶和ISSR分子标记三方面进行了遗传多样性的分析,研究结果表明: 1) 34份乌拉尔甘草种质资源在7个形态性状上差异均达到了极显著水平,基于形态划分的主要由以内蒙古和新疆种源为主的2大组群之间形态特性差异明显。其中内蒙古的甘草酸含量最高,新疆甘草酸含量最低。 2) 两种同工酶(EST和POD)对31份乌拉尔甘草种质资源材料共检测到6个基因位点,19个等位基因,其中有15个多态性等位基因,多态性等位基因频率为78.95%。 3) 从100条核苷酸序列中筛选出18条ISSR多态性引物,对46份乌拉尔甘草种质资源材料基因组DNA扩增出片断大小为150bp~3000bp之间的210个等位变异,平均每个引物扩增出11.67等位变异。 4) 同工酶和ISSR标记均揭示出新疆地区乌拉尔甘草种质资源遗传变异丰富,其中ISSR揭示的多样性更为丰富。基于同工酶和ISSR分子标记划分的组群与地域性没有明显关系。 5) 形态、同工酶和ISSR分子标记从不同层次上揭示了乌拉尔甘草的遗传多样性,不能以一种方法代替另一种方法,只有相互结合,综合分析,才能够较全面地揭示乌拉尔甘草的遗传本质。
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