后循环缺血的临床特点及影像学分析

被引:0
作者
翁秋燕
机构
[1] 浙江大学
关键词
脑梗塞; 后循环; 临床特点; MRI; 发病机制; 预后;
D O I
暂无
年度学位
2009
学位类型
硕士
导师
摘要
目的:研究后循环缺血(后循环梗死及后循环TIA)占急性缺血性脑卒中发病比率、临床表现、影像学特点、危险因素、住院天数,并进一步探究后循环缺血的发病机制。方法:收集2007年6月至2008年6月浙江大学附属邵逸夫医院神经内科住院的480例急性脑卒中患者的临床资料,筛选出后循环缺血病例133例,回顾性分析其临床表现、影像学特点、危险因素、住院天数及发病机制。结果:后循环缺血占急性缺血性脑卒中27.7%。133例后循环缺血患者中,124例经MRI证实为后循环脑梗死,9例患者为后循环的短暂性脑缺血发作。后循环脑梗死患者临床表现中占前3位的分别为偏身无力76例(61.3%),言语不清74例(59.7%)、眩晕69例(55.6%);后循环TIA患者临床表现前3位分别为眩晕9例(100%)、共济失调7例(77.8%)、眼震6例(66.7%);MR累及最常见为桥脑40.3%(50/124),其他依次为枕叶或颞枕叶29.10%(36/124),丘脑21.8%(27/124),小脑16.9%(21/124),中脑7.3%(9/124),延髓6.5%(8/124);危险因素中,占前4位的分别为动脉粥样硬化者102例(76.7%),高血压者99例(74.4%),高LDL者95例(71.4%),高同型半胱氨酸血症者86例(64.7%);发病机制中最常见的为栓塞66例(53.2%),其中心脏来源35例,动脉来源31例。124例患者中15例患者存在嗜睡昏迷等意识障碍,其中10例患者表现为多病灶,3例为脑干的双侧梗死,2例为双侧小脑的大面积脑梗死。12例临床考虑栓塞(8例患者考虑心源性栓塞),3例考虑血栓形成。心源性栓塞引起的后循环缺血的患者平均住院天数23天,非心源性栓塞引起的后循环缺血的患者平均住院天数15天。两者之间的差异具有统计学意义(P=0.047<0.05)。结论:后循环缺血的临床表现复杂,具有特征性的临床表现可以对诊断有提示意义。头颅MRI可进一步明确诊断。心源性栓塞引起的后循环缺血往往提示预后较差。
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页数:40
共 45 条
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