集束化镇痛镇静策略应用于机械通气患者的效果评价

被引:0
作者
冯洁惠
机构
[1] 浙江大学
关键词
集束干预策略; 镇静; 镇痛; 机械通气;
D O I
暂无
年度学位
2012
学位类型
硕士
导师
摘要
目的: 评价机械通气(mechanical ventilation, MV)患者在镇痛镇静治疗期间采用ABCDE集束化镇痛镇静护理策略(the ABCDE Bundle for Analgosedation,ABCDE Bundle)的干预效果。 方法: 采用前瞻性队列研究方法,按入科顺序编号,将2011年1-10月收治重症监护室(Intensive care unit,ICU)的18岁以上的108例MV患者分为2组,单号为干预组,双号为对照组,对照组(n=51)采用常规镇痛镇静护理,包括综合护理干预措施,意识水平、镇痛镇静程度及脏器功能的评估监测等;干预组(n=57)在此基础上采用ABCDE集束化镇痛镇静护理(the ABCDE Bundle for Analgosedation,ABCDE Bundle),包括每日镇静中的唤醒(Awakening)、呼吸同步(Breathing)、镇静和镇痛药物的选择或应用(Choice)、谵妄(Delirium)的监测和处理、早期(Early)运动(Exercise)和锻炼。 比较两组患者的镇痛镇静药物(吗啡注射液及咪达唑仑注射液)的使用剂量、机械通气时间、ICU住院日(ICU Length of stay, ICU-LOS)、总住院日(hospital Length of stay, hospital LOS)、谵妄发生率及28天生存率。 应用SPSS18.0统计软件进行统计分析,正态分布数据以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,两样本均数的比较应用t检验,两样本率的比较应用X2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果: 干预组患者镇痛镇静药物(吗啡注射液及咪达唑仑注射液)的使用总剂量及平均剂量与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),具体如下:干预组患者吗啡注射液的使用总剂量为(210.7±71.3)mg,显著低于对照组(常规治疗组)[(378.3±82.5) mg, P<0.001];干预组患者吗啡注射液的平均剂量为(0.027±0.007) mg/kg/h,显著低于对照组[(0.051±0.006)mg/kg/h,P<0.001];干预组患者咪达唑仑注射液的使用总剂量为(226.6±96.2)mg,显著低于对照组[(398.7±102.3)mg, P<0.001];干预组患者咪达唑仑注射液的平均剂量为(0.058±0.025)mg/kg/h,显著低于对照组[(0.081±0.028)mg/kg/h,P<0.001]。 干预组患者的机械通气时间、ICU-LOS、hospital LOS与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),具体如下:干预组患者的MV时间为(5.52±1.98)d,显著低于对照组[(7.97±3.43)d,P<0.001];干预组患者ICU-LOS为(6.53±3.04)d,显著低于较对照组[(9.81±4.21)d,P<0.001]:干预组患者hospital LOS为(13.6±5.03)d,显著低于对照组[(16.1±4.35)d,P<0.001]。 干预组患者的谵妄发生率为33.3%,显著低于较对照组(54.9%,P<0.05);干预组患者的28天生存率(82.5%)高于对照组(74.5%),但差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。 结论: 集束化镇痛镇静护理策略较常规镇痛镇静护理能优化MV患者的临床结果。
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