多种密度泛函方法对M(H2)_n+(n=1~6)(M=V、Ti)结构和结合能的对比研究

被引:0
作者
李晓绒
机构
[1] 山西师范大学
关键词
过渡金属; 储氢; 结合能; Kubas作用; 密度泛函;
D O I
暂无
年度学位
2014
学位类型
硕士
导师
摘要
随着人们对储氢材料的逐步深入研究,过渡金属掺杂团簇已成为研究热点。其主要原因是过渡金属与氢分子之间存在一种特殊的作用—Kubas相互作用,这使得这些掺杂团簇在吸附氢分子时,较为容易,并且H-H键虽拉长但不会断裂,大大提高储氢密度。人们希望借助理论计算去设计基于Kubas相互作用的储氢材料,并且做了许多有益的尝试。但目前广泛使用的密度泛函理论是否适合Kubas作用计算,还需要进一步去确认。 目前大量适用于不同系统的DFT方法被发展,适用于不同的体系。本文在密度泛函理论框架下,应用局域密度近似(LDA)(SVWN5),广义梯度近似(GGA)(PW91和PBE)、含动能密度的广义梯度近似(meta-GGA)(M06-L、 TPSS)、杂化泛函(hyper-GGA)(M06-2X、X3LYP、B3PW91、PBE1PBE和B3LYP)及其长程校正泛函LC-DFT(CAM-B3LYP、LC-WPBE和WB97X)和色散校正密度泛函(DFT-D)(WB97X-D和B97-D)等六类15种计算方法,在6-311++g**水平下对V+吸附氢分子的结合能进行了系统的计算与分析,并利用高精度的CCSD(T)/aug-cc-PVTZ计算单点能,同时与实验值对比,发现在上述各类泛函中,对于V+吸附氢分子结合能的计算,TPSS和CAM-B3YP泛函较为准确和可靠,其次是杂化泛函PBE1PBE。在计算结合能时,零点能校正非常重要。产生的基组重叠误差(BSSE)较小,但在(DFT-D)(WB97X-D和B97-D)泛函中,校正值稍大,对结合能产生了一定的影响。在V(H2)n+团簇中,在选出的几种较好泛函下,H-H平均键长和V到H2中心的平均距离变化趋势相同。 采用相同的方法对Ti+吸附氢分子的结合能进行了计算研究。发现在上述泛函中,对于计算V+吸附氢分子的结合能较好的方法含动能密度的广义梯度近似TPSS和杂化泛函PBE1PBE在计算Ti+吸附时表现也较准确。另外较准确可靠的还有杂化泛函色散校正密度泛函B97-D,同样零点能校正起着很大作用,BSSE校正影响不大。Ti(H2)n+团簇中,在选出的几种较好泛函下,H-H平均键长和Ti到H2中心的平均距离变化趋势也相同,随着氢分子个数n的增加,H-H平均键长逐渐减小,Ti到H2中心的平均距离逐渐增大。
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页数:64
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