认知行为干预对冠心病住院患者感知控制、焦虑及抑郁的影响

被引:0
作者
张丽娣
机构
[1] 中南大学
关键词
认知行为干预; 冠心病; 感知控制; 焦虑; 抑郁;
D O I
暂无
年度学位
2013
学位类型
硕士
导师
摘要
目的①翻译修订版控制态度量表,使其适合中国文化背景下使用。②测评冠心病住院患者的感知控制水平,并探讨影响冠心病住院患者感知控制的相关因素。③探讨冠心病患者感知控制与焦虑、抑郁的相关性。④评价认知行为干预对冠心病住院患者感知控制、焦虑及抑郁的影响。 方法①翻译英文版修订版控制态度量表(CAS-R),采用相关分析进行项目筛选,采用因子分析、内容效度指数进行效度检验以及Cronbach's α系数、重测信度、分半信度进行信度检验,完善评价工具。②选取中南大学湘雅二医院符合入排标准的106例患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组及干预组各53例。两组均接受常规护理如观察病情、心理护理、用药护理、专科护理、健康教育等。干预组另给予以认知重构、问题解决为主要技术的认知行为干预共5次,每次20~40min。③应用中文版CAS-R、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS),于干预前、干预后及干预后3月测评冠心病患者感知控制、焦虑及抑郁水平。④采用SPSS13.0进行t检验,非参数检验(Mann-WhitneyU检验,Wilcoxon符号秩检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验),多元线性回归分析,构成比、率间比较的x2检验,Spearman相关分析及重复测量资料方差分析。 结果①CAS-R项目分析:各条目得分与量表总分Pearson相关系数在0.539~0.769之间;CAS-R效度评价:验证性因子分析显示保留1个维度较适宜,CVI为0.875;CAS-R信度评价:Cronbach's a系数为0.806,重测信度为0.813,分半信度为0.781。②冠心病住院患者CAS-R得分为(27.17±4.78)分,合并症数、NYHA分级、心肌梗死及性别是影响患者CAS-R得分的主要因素。③CAS-R得分与SAS、SDS得分呈负相关(P<0.01)。④干预对CAS-R得分的影响:对照组干预前后CAS-R得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而干预组干预后CAS-R得分高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组干预后CAS-R得分增加的幅度大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CAS-R干预主效应、时间主效应及交互效应均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。④干预对SAS得分及焦虑发生率的影响:对照组及干预组干预后SAS得分均低于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组干预后SAS得分下降的幅度大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SAS得分干预主效应、时间主效应及交互效应均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组干预后焦虑发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。⑤干预对SDS得分及抑郁发生率的影响:对照组与干预组干预后SDS得分低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组干预后SDS得分下降的幅度大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SDS得分干预主效应、时间主效应及交互效应均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后干预组抑郁发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论①本研究翻译的中文版修订版控制态度量表(CAS-R)具有较好的信效度,适合在中国文化背景下使用,达到了心理测量学的要求。②冠心病住院患者感知控制水平较低,其与患者合并症数、NYHA分级、心肌梗死及性别有关。③冠心病感知控制与焦虑、抑郁呈负性相关。④认知行为干预可有效提升冠心病住院患者感知控制水平,这种效果在干预后3个月仍存在。认知行为干预在一定程度上降低了冠心病住院患者焦虑、抑郁水平。
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