煤自燃阶段判定理论与分级预警方法研究

被引:0
作者
费金彪
机构
[1] 西安科技大学
关键词
特征温度; 表征参数; 煤自燃指标; 阶段判定理论; 预警方法;
D O I
暂无
年度学位
2019
学位类型
博士
导师
摘要
煤自燃是导致矿井火灾的,主要原因,一直威胁着煤矿安全生产。煤自燃是一个非常复杂的动态过程,其形成和发展是自发的、缓慢的、动态变化的放热、聚热、升温,引起燃烧的过程。判定煤自燃阶段,实现煤自燃分级预警是防治煤自燃的关键。本文针对煤自燃阶段判定和分级预警,通过实验测试、理论分析和现场试验展开研究。针对煤自燃特征温度,采用大型煤自然发火实验、煤自燃程序升温实验和热重分析,通过煤自燃过程单一指标和复合指标、重量比和失重速率等参数,建立温度和气体的对应关系,确定了八个特征温度:基于煤自燃分子结构模型,针对煤自燃过程煤分子基因变化,进行煤氧化动力学理论、量子化学理论和相似理论分析,研究了煤分子活性基团种类、反应通道的优先顺序和煤表面活性基团的活泼性次序,找到了煤分子活性基团参与煤氧反应的规律,提出了煤自燃基团突变理论;基于煤自燃基团突变理论分析,选择了六个特征温度,划分煤自燃过程为七个阶段,确立煤自燃阶段判定方法;针对煤自燃预警,发现了煤自燃过程中氧化气体和热解气休产生规律,研究了煤自燃标志气体和多参数指标,找到了氧气浓度区间的CCO气体浓度衣达方式,优选了六个煤自燃指标,分别为CO、02、CO/OΔO2、C2H4、C2H4/C2H6和C2H2;针对容易自燃煤,实施了现场试验,实现r实验数据与现场试验数椐的成功对接,量化了煤自燃指标,建立了煤自燃预警体系,确立了容易自燃煤自燃分级预警方法。本文给出了《煤矿安全规程》中关于煤自然发火临界值、发火征兆、火灾的划分依据,为煤矿现场自然发火由被动治理向主动预防转变提供了指导。
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页数:146
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