THE METABOLISM OF PIPERIDINE-TYPE PHENOTHIAZINE ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS .3. MESORIDAZINE IN DOG, HUMAN AND RAT

1. The metabolism of mesoridazine was studied in female rats (20 mg/kg, oral), female dogs (50 mg over 30 h, oral) and adult male volunteers (25 mg, oral). 2. Solvent extracts of urines from each species were directly analysed by h.p.l.c.-mass spectrometry with a plasmaspray interface. In the case of phenolic metabolites the urinary extracts were derivatized with a silylating reagent (with and without prior enzymic hydrolysis) prior to analysis. The structures of metabolites, with the exceptions of mesoridazine N-oxide and phenols, were confirmed by comparison of their chromatographic behaviours and mass spectra with those of authentic standards. 3. Compounds identified in the urine of all three species were mesoridazine, sulforidazine, mesoridazine ring sulphoxide, sulforidazine ring sulphoxide, N-desmethylmesoridazine ring sulphoxide, the lactam of sulforidazine ring sulphoxide and phenolic derivatives of mesoridazine and sulforidazine. Whereas the unconjugated phenolic metabolite of sulforidazine was present in urine of all three species, the conjugated form was identified only in dog and rat urines. Also, the unconjugated phenolic metabolite of mesoridazine was identified only in the urine of dog and human, but rat urine contained only the conjugated form. 4. Other metabolites found were: the lactam of mesoridazine (rat), the lactam of mesoridazine ring sulphoxide (rat and human), mesoridazine N-oxide (human) and sulforidazine N-oxide (dog and human). 5. Mesoridazine and six of its metabolites present in urines of human, rat and dog were quantified by a h.p.l.c.-u.v. method. The mean total excretion of measured analytes in human, rat and dog were 6.3, 2.6 and 29.1%, respectively. The excretion of the lactam of sulforidazine ring sulphoxide was greater in human (0.4%) and rat (0.2%) than dog (0.02%). Moreover, the urinary excretion of the lactam of mesoridazine ring sulphoxide in human and rat constituted 0.4% and 0.2%, respectively. Of the three lactams found in rat the lactam of mesoridazine was present in the least amount (0.05%). 6. Interspecies comparion of the lactam metabolites indicated that both qualitatively and quantitatively human more closely resembled rat than dog. On the other hand, N-oxide metabolites were detected in human and dog but not in rat.