The factor structure of the College Self-Expression Scale (CSES), a measure of assertion, was investigated in two large universities and one women's college. For each population, a principal axis solution with squared multiple correlations on the diagonals and a varimax rotation of factors with eigenvalues greater than one was used. Factor structures were compared statistically within and across populations. Although only a modest percentage of total variance was extracted, the results indicated that the CSES is multifactored, that the factor structure is relatively stable within the same population, and that sex differences influenced the factor structure less than population differences. © 1979 Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy.