REFLECTIVITY AND LEARNING FROM AVERSIVE EVENTS - TOWARD A PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISM FOR THE SYNDROMES OF DISINHIBITION

被引:461
作者
PATTERSON, CM
NEWMAN, JP
机构
关键词
D O I
10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.716
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Gorenstein and Newman (1980) proposed that poorly modulated responding for reward is the common diathesis underlying disinhibited behavior in several traditionally distinct person categories: psychopathy, hysteria, early onset alcoholism, childhood hyperactivity, and nonpathological impulsivity (e.g., extraversion). The authors extend this proposal by theorizing a psychological mechanism that highlights relations among disinhibition, reflection, and failures to learn from aversive feedback. The hypothesized mechanism is presented as 4 generic stages of response modulation: the dominant response set, the reaction to an aversive event, the subsequent behavioral adaptation, and the immediate and long-term consequences of reflection, or the lack thereof The mechanism has implications for disinhibited individuals' impulsivity and provides a point of departure to study factors responsible for similarities and differences among these syndromes.
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页码:716 / 736
页数:21
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