Comparative plots were set up on a clay soil with different combinations of tractor traffic and tillage treatments prior to the growing of a silage corn crop. Soil bulk densities, moisture retention characteristics and crop yields were measured in the experiment. The results indicated an optimum soil dry bulk density of 1020 kg/m3 for maximum crop yield in the particular season of the experiment. Similar tests done in a wetter season the year before indicated a lower optimum soil dry bulk density of below 900 kg/m3. These results are discussed in terms of the water retention characteristics or the soil and the soil structural changes caused by different treatments. © 1979.