TRIPLE COMBINATION PENICILLIN-VANCOMYCIN-GENTAMICIN FOR EXPERIMENTAL ENDOCARDITIS CAUSED BY A HIGHLY PENICILLIN-RESISTANT AND GLYCOPEPTIDE-RESISTANT ISOLATE OF ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM
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CARON, F
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机构:UNIV PARIS 06,MICROBIOL MED LAB,F-75230 PARIS 05,FRANCE
CARON, F
LEMELAND, JF
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机构:UNIV PARIS 06,MICROBIOL MED LAB,F-75230 PARIS 05,FRANCE
LEMELAND, JF
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HUMBERT, G
KLARE, I
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机构:UNIV PARIS 06,MICROBIOL MED LAB,F-75230 PARIS 05,FRANCE
KLARE, I
GUTMANN, L
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机构:UNIV PARIS 06,MICROBIOL MED LAB,F-75230 PARIS 05,FRANCE
GUTMANN, L
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[1] UNIV PARIS 06,MICROBIOL MED LAB,F-75230 PARIS 05,FRANCE
[2] ROBERT KOCH INST,AUSSENSTELLE,W-1000 BERLIN 65,GERMANY
A combination of low-dose penicillin (75,000 IU/kg twice daily [b.i.d]) vancomycin (30 mg/kg b.i.d.) and gentamicin (6 mg/kg b.i.d.) has been shown to be as effective as a combination of high-dose penicillin (500,000 IU/kg b.i.d.) and gentamicin (6 mg/kg b.i.d.) in the treatment of rabbit endocarditis caused by an Enterococcus faecium strain moderately resistant to beta-lactams and highly resistant to glycopeptides. The same regimens were evaluated against an E. faecium strain highly resistant to both penicillin (MIC, 128 mug/mL) and vancomycin (MIC, 512 mug/mL). High doses of penicillin-gentamicin and vancomycin-gentamicin had no effect in in vitro killing-curve studies or in rabbits after treatment for 5 days. High doses of penicillin-vancomycin were only bacteriostatic in killing curves and provided a small reduction in the bacterial titers of the vegetations. In contrast, high-dose penicillin-vancomycin-gentamicin was bactericidal in vitro and highly effective in treating rabbits. However, the emergence of a bacterial subpopulation resistant to the synergistic effect of penicillin and vancomycin could reduce the clinical utility of this combination.